View source for Mexico

'''[[Wikipedia:Mexico|MEXICO]]''' is a country on the [[:Category:Central America|Central American]] isthmus, between the [[United States]] and [[Guatemala]].
{{TOC right}}
==Profile== 
{| {{small-table}} 
|- 
|'''Country Number (25)'''||1968||[[Selling Doctor Who|FIRST and SECOND WAVE]] 
|- 
|'''Region'''||[[:Category:Central America|Central American]]|| 
|- 
|'''Television commenced'''||1950||
|- 
|'''Colour System'''||1963||[[:Wikipedia:NTSC|NTSC]] 
|- 
|'''[[WRTH|Population]]'''||1969||39 million
|- 
|'''[[WRTH|TV Sets]]'''||1969|| 650,000 
|- 
|'''[[WRTH|Population]]'''||1979||62.3 million
|- 
|'''[[WRTH|TV Sets]]'''||1979||5.6 million
|- 
|'''Language/s'''||[[Spanish]]|| 
|- 
|}


==Television Stations / Channels==

Mexico began its television service in 1950. Colour transmissions began in 1963 using the [[Wikipedia:NTSC|NTSC]] colour broadcast system.

Mexico is served by several television stations: in 1968 '''Doctor Who''' aired on '''Canal 5''' which was operated by '''[[wikipedia:Televisa|Telesistema Mexicano]]''', a privately-owned station. This was renamed '''Televisa S A''' in 1972. 

In the late 1970s, '''Doctor Who''' entered into syndication, screening on a number of different private stations across the country, such as Canal 13, which served much of the country, and Canal 8 from Monterrey, near the border with [[Texas]].


==Language/s==

The principal language of Mexico is [[Spanish]]. Foreign television programmes are dubbed into [[Spanish]]. 
 

=='''DOCTOR WHO (EL DOCTOR MISTERIO) IN MEXICO'''==
[[File:Dr Misterio logo.JPG|200px|right|Doctor Misterio logo]]

Mexico was the '''25th''' country to screen '''Doctor Who'''. It was the '''second''' to screen the series in [[Spanish]] (see [[Selling Doctor Who]]).


==[[BBC Records]]==

'''The Seventies''' records a sale of '''"(9)"''' stories by 28 February 1977. '''The Handbook''' identifies '''eight''': {{A}}, {{C}}, {{E}}, {{F}}, {{G}}, {{J}}, {{L}} and {{Q}}; the incorrect total of nine is due to Mexico being listed '''twice''' under {{J}} in the 1977 document.

In '''DWM''', Mexico is identified in '''29''' story Archives: 12 Hartnells - the same as the 1977 list above, plus {{B}}, {{K}}, {{N}} and {{R}}; and 17 Tom Bakers: all the stories from {{4A}} to {{4Z}}, but omitting {{4A}}, {{4L}}, {{4R}}, {{4X}}, {{4Y}} and {{4Z}}.

A letter from Martin Bonfil Olivera of La Candelaria, Coyoaca'n [sic]in Mexico appeared in '''DWM''' #62 (March 1982). He writes: "I have been a fan of the Doctor since the early 70s, when the William Hartnell series were shown here. But I could see only a few episodes, because the series wasn't very successful and was taken off the air. After about 8 years, the state tv station showed the early Tom Baker episodes, from [[Robot]] to [[The Invasion of Time|Invasion of Time]]. Since then they have been periodically re-showing those episodes."

(Olivera is slightly out with this dates; the Hartnells aired in 1968, whereas the Bakers aired eleven not eight years later. Assuming he wrote the letter in late 1981, he is accurate with respect to his comments about the Baker repeats, the last of which aired in August 1981. Of course, it is possible that there was a further series of repeats of the Hartnells stories in the early 1970s, and it is to those that Olivera is referring. We are still investigating and researching this...)


==PETER CUSHING==
[[File:Y Los Daleks.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Dr Who y los Daleks poster]]
[[File:Losdaleksinvadenlatierra dvd.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Daleks Invasion Earth 2150AD DVD Cover]]
The first Peter Cushing / Dalek movie was released under the Spanish title '''"Dr Who y los Daleks"'''; presumably this version was also released in Mexico.

The second Peter Cushing movie, '''"Daleks Invasion Earth 2150AD"''' was released under the title '''"Los Marcianos Invaden la Tierra"''' (NOTE: This was the title used in '''Spain''', which was presumably also the one used for the Latin American releases...)

The film was later available on video, and for its DVD it was released under the title '''"Los Daleks Invaden la Tierra 2150AD"'''. 


==Stories bought and broadcast==

===[[William Hartnell stories|WILLIAM HARTNELL]]===

Twelve stories, 56 episodes:

{| {{small-table}}
|-
|A||[[An Unearthly Child]]||4
|-
|B||[[The Daleks]]||7
|-
|C||[[Inside the Spaceship]]||2
|-
|E||[[The Keys of Marinus]]||6
|-
|F||[[The Aztecs]]||4
|-
|G||[[The Sensorites]]||6
|-
|J||[[Planet of Giants]]||3
|-
|K||[[The Dalek Invasion of Earth]]||6
|-
|L||[[The Rescue]]||2
|-
|N||[[The Web Planet]]||6
|-
|Q||[[The Space Museum]]||4
|-
|R||[[The Chase]]||6
|-
|}

* For the Spanish episode titles, go to: [[Spanish|SPANISH]]

Mexico therefore bought the standard package of the GROUP A to E of the [[William Hartnell stories]] that were dubbed into [[Spanish]]. 

The programme was supplied as 16mm black and white film prints with [[Spanish]] soundtracks.

This link is to a voice recording of the opening voice-over giving the series title:
*[http://webspace.webring.com/people/au/um_7134/misterio.wav DOCTOR MISTERIO] 


====Origin of the Prints?====

Mexico was the '''second''' of the '''four''' [[Spanish]]-speaking countries to screen the [[William Hartnell stories]]. The previous country was [[Venezuela]], where the episodes had aired in early 1967. 


===[[Tom Baker stories|TOM BAKER]]===

23 stories, 98 episodes:
[[File:Mex Dalek.JPG|thumb|right|350px|Doctor Misterio; artwork cropped from cover of The Second Doctor Who Monster Books]]
[[File:Dr Misterio.JPG|350px|thumb|right|Doctor Misterio; artwork cropped from cover of The Doctor Who Monster Book and The Second Doctor Who Monster Book]]
{| {{small-table}}
|-
|4A||[[Robot]]||4
|-
|4B||[[The Sontaran Experiment]]||2
|-
|4C||[[The Ark in Space]]||4
|-
|4D||[[Revenge of the Cybermen]]||4
|-
|4E||[[Genesis of the Daleks]]||6
|-
|4F||[[Terror of the Zygons]]||4
|-
|4G||[[Pyramids of Mars]]||4
|-
|4H||[[Planet of Evil]]||4
|-
|4J||[[The Android Invasion]]||4
|-
|4K||[[The Brain of Morbius]]||4
|-
|4L||[[The Seeds of Doom]]||6
|-
|4M||[[The Masque of Mandragora]]||4
|-
|4N||[[The Hand of Fear]]||4
|-
|4P||[[The Deadly Assassin]]||4
|-
|4Q||[[The Face of Evil]]||4
|-
|4R||[[The Robots of Death]]||4
|-
|4S||[[The Talons of Weng-Chiang]]||6
|-
|4V||[[Horror of Fang Rock]]||4
|-
|4T||[[The Invisible Enemy]]||4
|-
|4X||[[Image of the Fendahl]]||4
|-
|4W||[[The Sun Makers]]||4
|-
|4Y||[[Underworld]]||4
|-
|4Z||[[The Invasion of Time]]||6
|-
|}

* For the equivalent Spanish story titles, go to: [[Spanish|SPANISH]]

Mexico therefore bought the standard package of [[Tom Baker stories]] that was packaged for the North, Central and South American markets by Time Life Television. 

The programme was supplied as NTSC colour video tapes with [[Spanish]] soundtracks.

[[Mexico]] was five days ahead of [[Chile]] in screening the Tom Baker episodes. Curiously, some of the Chilean episode titles differ from those used in Mexico - see the [[Spanish]] page for a list of the different translations. 


==Transmission==

===[[William Hartnell stories|WILLIAM HARTNELL]]===

'''NOTE''': '''''IF''''' the newspaper TV listings are completely accurate, then the way '''Doctor Who''' screened in Mexico was a very confusing affair, with stories airing in a random order, with some episodes not screening at all, or being scheduled '''during''' an entirely different serial. 

[[File:Mex A1.JPG|thumb|right|250px|An Unearthly Child Part One (Note Authorisation Code)]]
[[File:Mex C2.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Inside the Spaceship Part One]]
[[File:Mex K2.JPG|thumb|right|250px|The Dalek Invasion of Earth Part Two]]
[[File:Mex N1.JPG|thumb|right|250px|The Web Planet Part One]]
[[File:Mex R5.JPG|thumb|right|250px|The Chase Part Five]]
To make some sense out of the screening history, we have '''ASSUMED''' that the listings were not always accurate, and that on some occasions the billed episode was not necessarily the episode that did air that night, and that additional episodes aired on Fridays even when there was no billing. 

The series started on Monday, '''25 March 1968''', and screened weekdays at 6.30pm. No titles were given for the first eleven episodes; the '''9 April''' episode was billed as part four of [[The Sensorites]]. If that serial commenced on '''4 April''', then it's only the first eight episodes that are not identifiable. Since it does not get another billing until the run of repeats, [[The Daleks]] must have aired at this time. The big question is, what was the stray eighth episode? It might have been part one of [[An Unearthly Child]], but that is later billed on '''2 May'''; did it screen '''twice''' within such a very short time?

It is '''possible''' that one of these first eight episodes was pre-empted – did the series perhaps start on Tuesday, '''26 March''' instead?

From the week commencing '''15 April''', episodes no longer regularly aired on Fridays. However, in order to account for "missing" episodes, it does seem likely that episodes '''did''' occasionally air on Friday but were not billed. 

There was no episode billing for Monday 20 May 1968, however since there is no listing for part three of [[The Space Museum]], it seems likely that that episode '''did''' air that night.  

According to the newspaper listings, the stories aired in this order:
* [[An Unearthly Child]] part one only?
* [[The Daleks]]?
* [[The Sensorites]]
* [[The Dalek Invasion of Earth]]
* [[The Web Planet]] but missing one or two episodes?
* [[An Unearthly Child]] part one only again?
* [[Planet of Giants]]
* [[Inside the Spaceship]] part one only?
* [[The Rescue]] part two only?
* [[The Space Museum]] but not part three?
* [[The Chase]] but not part three?
* [[The Keys of Marinus]] but not part two?
* [[The Aztecs]]

53 of the 56 episodes had aired between 25 March and 13 June; this was followed by a run of repeats, which aired in this order:

* [[The Sensorites]]
* [[Planet of Giants]]
* [[The Dalek Invasion of Earth]]
* [[The Rescue]]
* [[The Web Planet]] but not part six?
* [[The Space Museum]] but not part three?
* [[The Chase]] parts one and two
* [[An Unearthly Child]] part two only
* [[The Chase]] parts three to six
* [[The Daleks]]
* [[Inside the Spaceship]]
* [[The Keys of Marinus]]
* [[The Aztecs]]

Midway through [[The Chase]], on '''5 August''', part two of [[An Unearthly Child]] aired on its own. 

Commencing from '''16 September 1968''' was a further repeat run; between [[Planet of Giants]] and [[The Rescue]], parts two, three and four of [[An Unearthly Child]] aired, which was (it would seem) the '''first time''' for the latter two of those episodes:

* [[The Sensorites]]
* [[Planet of Giants]] but not part three?
* [[An Unearthly Child]] parts two, three, four
* [[The Rescue]]
* [[The Web Planet]] parts one and two only

The series took a two week break from 14 October while the television schedules were dominated with full day coverage of the [[wikipedia:Mexico Olympics|1968 Summer Olympics]] that were being held in Mexico City from 12 to 27 October. 

The series resumed on Monday, '''21 October''', presumably from where it left off, with two more episodes of [[The Web Planet]]. (The other two episodes from this serial could not be accounted for; they may have aired during breaks in the Games' coverage without being scheduled.) 

* [[The Web Planet]] two more episodes?
* [[The Space Museum]] 
* [[The Daleks]]
* [[The Keys of Marinus]] parts four, five and six only?

The final regular episode ([[The Keys of Marinus]] part six) aired on Thursday, '''14 November 1968'''. There were no further listings in 1968, or during 1969.

There are 134 airdates accounted for, plus three dates on which it is not clear whether the series aired, and one day for which the paper was missing, giving us potentially '''138''' episodes in total. 

In summary – and with a fair bit of manipulation of the listed episode versus what SHOULD have aired instead - with the possible exception of three from the first serial, all episodes aired ''twice'', with a handful airing for a ''third'' time:

* [[An Unearthly Child]] = once, but parts one and two twice?
* [[The Daleks]] = three times
* [[Inside the Spaceship]] = twice
* [[The Keys of Marinus]] = twice, but parts 4-6 three times?
* [[The Aztecs]] = twice
* [[The Sensorites]] = three times	
* [[Planet of Giants]] = three times
* [[The Dalek Invasion of Earth]] = twice
* [[The Rescue]] = three times
* [[The Web Planet]] = three times, but parts 5-6 only twice?
* [[The Space Museum]] = three times, but part 2 only twice?
* [[The Chase]] = twice, but part 3 only once?


And as note earlier, there is a possibility that there was a further repeat run of these twelve Hartnells in the early 1970s. We are still researching this... 


====Fate of the Prints?====

According to the section in this [http://seriespropostesetcetera.blogspot.com/2009/03/doctor-who.html BLOG] that is headed "La catástrofe en México", the poster writes: 
*''La primera serie del Dr. Who se transmitió en México en 1966 por el canal 13, la serie duró dos años en el aire hasta la llegada de las olimpiadas de México 68. Debido a que el canal 13 no contaba con cintas virgenes para la grabación de los juegos, decidió usar las cintas de algunos de los programas de su repertorio para grabarlos, esto incluyo la serie del Doctor Who. Cuando esto se hizo público, muchos de los fanáticos de la serie se indignaron con el canal, esto llegó a conocimiento de la BBC, quién demandó al canal y no permitió que el resto de la serie llegara a México. Se especula que algunos de los altos funcionarios del canal se quedaron con copias del programa. La serie volvió a transmitirse durante los años 80´s, de nuevo por el canal 13 a las 11 de la mañana con el cuarto Doctor, interpretado por Tom Baker. Pocos son los que la recuerdan.''

The basic content of this BLOG (which it must be noted gets the year and channel number wrong) is that the episodes of '''Doctor Who''' might have been converted onto videotape prior to transmission. The site states that the BBC wanted to retain those tapes for its own use, but Telesistema wiped them as they needed the tapes to record coverage from the Mexico Olympic Games. This act apparently displeased the BBC, and as a result, further episodes of '''Doctor Who''' were not supplied to Mexico for ten years... 

When '''Televisa''' was contacted by the BBC in 1984, they replied that they still held their 16mm prints of all 56 of the Hartnell episodes. (See [http://gallifreybase.com/forum/showthread.php?t=62275&page=6 FORUM POSTING].)


----

===[[Tom Baker stories|TOM BAKER]]===
[[File:Mex 4E.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Genesis of the Daleks (1981 Repeat)]]
[[File:Mex Venganza.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Revenge of the Cybermen]]
[[File:Mex Hombres.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Revenge of the Cybermen – alternative title?]]
[[File:Mex 4F.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Terror of the Zygons]]
[[File:Mex 4J.JPG|thumb|right|250px|The Android Invasion]]
[[File:Mex 4L.JPG|thumb|right|250px|The Seeds of Doom]]
[[File:Mex 4Q.JPG|thumb|right|250px|The Face of Evil]]
[[File:Mex Sol.JPG|thumb|right|250px|The Sun Makers – NOTE: "Based on the Books"]]
[[File:Mex 4Y.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Underworld – Based on the Book!]]

Eleven years after the first Doctor aired in Mexico, the [[Tom Baker stories]] screened in syndication, airing on several different stations across the country. We only have airdates for '''[[wikipedia:Canal 13|Canal 13]]''', which served much of the country. 


'''CANAL 13'''

The fourth Doctor episodes aired weekly on '''Canal 13''' (Channel 13) Fridays at 5.30pm, commencing '''4 May 1979'''. Two episodes aired back-to-back in a one hour timeslot.

The series featured as part of the '''"LAS MIL Y UNA TARDES"''' ("A Thousand and One Afternoons") line-up of children's programmes. (That TARDES is very similar to TARDIS can't possibly be a coincidence! Did the programme schedulers have an ironic sense of humour?)

The stories of seasons 12 and 13 generally aired in production code order, although [[Revenge of the Cybermen]] and [[Genesis of the Daleks]] did actually play in the correct narrative order. 

There were no billings for [[The Ark in Space]], [[The Deadly Assassin]] or [[Image of the Fendahl]], however there are enough airdates to account for these; certainly [[The Ark in Space]] aired in the two weeks between [[The Sontaran Experiment]] and [[Genesis of the Daleks]]. And as there were more than three hour-long billings for '''La Invasion del Tempo''', in the case of [[Image of the Fendahl]] and [[The Deadly Assassin]], both appear to have aired between [[Underworld]] and [[The Invasion of Time]], with the latter maybe even immediately before [[The Invasion of Time]]. Although some of these timeslots are recorded as 5.30 to 6.00pm, at least two of them have to be an hour, otherwise two episodes are not accounted for. 

From the '''7 March 1980''' episode, the timeslot shifted to 6.00pm for a few weeks, before switching to a half-hour, single-episode 5.30pm slot from '''2 May'''. 

From '''30 May 1980''', the week after [[The Invasion of Time]] parts five and six, a run of repeats began, consisting of four season 12 Baker stories; the first serial is named as '''"Los Hombres de Metal"''' ("The Men of Metal"), which is '''probably''' (a re-titled?) [[Revenge of the Cybermen]], rather than [[Robot]]. 

Several episodes in the 1979 to 1980 run were pre-empted due to football or, as was the case in August 1980, coverage of the Moscow Summer Olympics. 

The repeats ended on '''26 September 1980''', with parts five and six of [[Genesis of the Daleks]]. 

Ten months later, '''El Doctor Misterio''' returned to Canal 13, playing episodically, five days a week at 12.30pm in the afternoon. The first nine Baker serials aired, although curiously, [[The Sontaran Experiment]] played twice; the second and final part of that serial closed the repeat run on '''21 August 1981'''. 


'''CANAL 8'''

The Tom Baker package also aired on Canal 8 in Monterrey. We have no transmission information for this station. 


There is no clear record that Mexico screened '''Doctor Who''' again after those 1981 repeats.

* See [[Missing Misterio|THE MYSTERY OF THE MISSING MISTERIOS]]


==TV listings==
{{airdates-left|}}

TV listings have been obtained from the newspapers ''El Día'' and ''Excelsior'', from Mexico City. 

'''1960s'''

[[File:Mex C13.JPG|thumb|right|250px|1979 Canal 13 TV Listings Box – NOTE: The Doctor and Reuben from Horror of Fang Rock]]
[[File:Mex ROD.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Robot of Death cropped from cover of The Second Doctor Who Monster Book]]
[[File:Mex Baker.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Tom Baker, and cropped artwork of Azal, a Silurian and an Ice Warrior from cover of The Doctor Who Monster Book]]
[[File:Mex Sontaran.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Sontaran artwork cropped from cover of The Second Doctor Who Monster Book]]
[[File:Mex Cyber.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Revenge of the Cybermen]]
[[File:Mex Cyberman.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Artwork Cyberman artwork cropped from The Doctor Who Monster Book]]
As noted in the Transmission history above, the newspapers listings provide the titles for the vast majority of the episodes, however, due to the number of episodes that are NOT listed, and the frequency in which episodes are billed out of sequence, either the newspapers were provided with the wrong programme from the broadcaster, OR, the broadcaster simply failed to realise the serialised nature of the series and did indeed screen the series exactly as it was billed. 

Unusually for a Spanish language country, the series' title was billed as '''"Doctor Who"''' or '''"Dr Who"''' rather than '''"El Doctor/Dr Misterio"'''; it wasn't until towards the end of the run (from '''3 October 1968''') that the Spanish alternative was adopted for the listings for both papers (which indicates that the two publications were provided with the same programme information from the broadcaster). 

Listings sometimes say '''"Doctor/Dr Who proyecta..."''', '''"Doctor/Dr Who presenta..."''', '''"Doctor/Dr Who en..."''' before each episode title.  

Curiously, the ''Excelsior'' also included the '''Authority Code''', which appears to be the censors' classification reference; there are a few occasions where the same code has been printed against two different episodes – for instance '''21136-A''' appears against [[The Web Planet]] part one '''and''' [[The Keys of Marinus]] part six - but presumably these duplications are merely printing errors. Does the '''A''' suffix mean the series was given an 'Adult' classification?

Some of the Authorisation Codes were "Pend" (i.e. Pending).

The 'lowest' of these numerical codes is '''4919-A''', which was assigned to part one of [[An Unearthly Child]]. The 'highest' known was '''23076-A''', for part two of [[The Daleks]], which indicates the codes were not assigned by story order. 


'''1970s'''

The daily TV schedules for Canal 13 were printed exactly the same way in both papers and appear in the form of a box-out which was illustrated with a montage of images from the featured programmes. 

The series was called '''"DR / DOCTOR MISTERIO"'''. The illustrations that accompanied the listings have been cropped from Chris Achilleos's artwork from the cover of Target's 1975 '''Doctor Who Monster Book''', or from the cover of the Time Life Television sales brochure (see the [[United States]] page), which in turn featured Achilleos's painting from '''The Second Doctor Who Monster Book'''.

Listings sometimes say '''"DR MISTERIO Presenta"''' (Presents) or '''"CAPITULO"''' (Chapter) before each episode title.  

Some of the listings have a little box saying '''"DESDE LA REDACCIÓN"''', which means ''"from the writing"'', which strongly implies that the broadcaster may have thought the series was based on the Target books!


==Websites==

There are a number of Mexican and Spanish-language websites which refer to the Mexican broadcasts of the series:

*[http://replay.web.archive.org/20091022133353/http://geocities.com/Area51/Vault/8808/mexiwho.html DOCTOR WHO IN MEXICO] 
*[http://webspace.webring.com/people/au/um_7134/mexiwho.html DOCTOR WHO IN MEXICO (Alternative)]
*[http://seriespropostesetcetera.blogspot.com/2009/03/doctor-who.html DR MISTERIO]


==Videotapes / DVD==

We are not sure whether the 1996 Paul McGann [[TV Movie]] aired on Mexico television; the film was available on video (released by MCA, Videovisa and CIC) but with Spanish subtitles.  The TARDIS was called "El TYDREE", which stands for "Tiempo y Dimensiones Relatívos En Espacia (or Espaciales). 

The subtitling was created by a studio located in Los Angeles.


==Mexico in Doctor Who==

* [[The Aztecs]] is set in Mexico.
* While exploring the caves of Atlantis, Polly finds a souvenir object (a vase?) marked "Mexico Olympiad" ([[The Underwater Menace]]).
* Salamander hailed from Mérida, in the Yucatan area of Mexico. The Doctor thought he might be from Quintana Roo ([[The Enemy of the World]]).
* Artoro Villa from the Mexico Civil War Zone, fought in [[The War Games]].
* The Doctor refers to the volcanic mountain Popocatepetl ([[The Brain of Morbius]])


==Links==
*[[Main Page]]
*[[Broadcasts around the World]]
*[[Articles & Analysis]]
*[[BBC Records]]
*[[Doctors]]
**[[William Hartnell stories]]
**[[Tom Baker stories]]
*[[Spanish]]


[[Category:Central America]]